Since I'm one of the two originators of LOPA in 1995 and one of the two primary authors of the CCPS books on LOPA (2001 and 2012), I (and many others) believe we are doing Too Many analysis. A well-structured and well led PHA team does 95% of the risk analysis and 99% of the [...]
Double-jeopardy is NOT a discussion of (or failure of) multiple layers of protection. Nearly every scenario should have multiple layers of protection against the ultimate (unmitigated) consequence. Double jeopardy is also NOT a deviation combined with failure of a safeguard that then "lies in wait." Double jeopardy is the occurrence of two deviations or two [...]
Trouble-Shooting guides is the term many folks use to for the list of steps and decisions necessary to tale when a deviation from the normal opertion occurs. It is what an operator does to prevent a deviation from leading to an emergency shutdown or worse. (Trouble-Shooting guides are significant extensions of waht some call Operating [...]
